The Chancellor at Home: Robert R. Livingston and Clermont

 

Portrait of Robert R. Livingston, 1804
John Vanderlyn (1775-1852)
Oil on canvas
Gift of Mrs. Anson Livingston, 1876.1

Robert R. Livingston (1746-1813) is remembered for an extraordinary political career that spanned the Revolutionary War years through to formation of the American Republic. Among his many contributions, Livingston was a member of the Second Continental Congress, co-author of the Declaration of Independence, and in 1789 he administered the oath of office to President George Washington. A regional and national luminary, Livingston served as Chancellor of the Supreme Court of New York (1777 to 1801) and the United States Secretary of Foreign Affairs (1781 to 1783).

Teaser: 

Robert R. Livingston (1746-1813) is remembered for an extraordinary political career that spanned the Revolutionary War years through to formation of the American Republic. Intellectually gifted, Livingston also was known for having a restless and inquisitive mind. He found engagement within the domestic and natural environs at Clermont, his family estate in the Hudson Valley, where his private interests included French furniture and silver, agriculture, and merino sheep raising, to name but a few. Livingston's many interests are reflected today in the rich assembly of his possessions now in the collections of the New-York Historical Society.

Teaser image: 

Napoleon's Authorization for the Sale of the Louisiana Territory

Classification: 
Is owned by NYHS: 
Yes
Date: 
April 24, 1803
Dimensions: 
Overall: 20 x 24 in. (50.8 x 61 cm)
Credit Line: 
New-York Historical Society Library
Object Number: 
MSS.Y1803
Gallery Label: 

As the United States minister to France, Chancellor Livingston was tasked with negotiating with Emperor Napoleon for the sale of the Louisiana Territory. This undertaking lasted three years. Livingston’s time in France influenced his taste in furniture, art, and design, and exposed him to technical innovations and new ventures in animal husbandry. The authorization for the sale of the territories marked a turning point in the relationship between the two nations. Livingston famously remarked: “We have lived long, but this is the noblest work of our whole lives . . . . From this day the United States take their place among the powers of the first rank."

Date Begin: 
1803
Date End: 
1803
eMuseum Object ID: 
64974
Sort order: 
2
Exclude from TMS update: 
Exclude from TMS update
Due to ongoing research, information about this object is subject to change.

Portrait bust

Classification: 
Is owned by NYHS: 
Yes
Date: 
ca. 1816
Medium: 
Painted pine with plaster
Dimensions: 
Overall: 24 x 15 in. (61 x 38.1 cm)
Place Made: 
North America, U.S.A., New York
Credit Line: 
Purchase, Abbott-Lenox Fund
Object Number: 
1959.53
Gallery Label: 

This bust of Chancellor Livingston came from the house of Dr. William Wilson (1756-1828), a neighbor in the Hudson Valley. When Dr. Wilson came to New York in 1784 from the University of Glasgow, bearing a letter of introduction to Livingston, the latter invited him to settle at Clermont. While there, Wilson became the Chancellor's intimate friend, and many years later the executor of his estate. The bust was carved out of pine and painted white to resemble marble. It was most likely produced after Livingston’s death on commission from Wilson, and may have been modeled after a portrait of the Chancellor, such as one painted by Gilbert Stuart in 1794.  

Date End: 
1816
eMuseum Object ID: 
42299
Sort order: 
22
Exclude from TMS update: 
Exclude from TMS update
Due to ongoing research, information about this object is subject to change.

Dessert knives (12) in box

Classification: 
Is owned by NYHS: 
Yes
Date: 
ca. 1806
Medium: 
Steel, silver, ivory
Dimensions: 
Box: 10 1/2 x 4 1/2 x 1 1/4 in. (26.7 x 11.4 x 3.2 cm); each (knife): 9 3/8 x 5/8 x 1/2 in. (23.8 x 1.6 x 1.3 cm)
Place Made: 
Europe, France, Paris
Credit Line: 
Gift of Goodhue Livingston
Object Number: 
INV.14119a-m
Marks: 
Stamped on the blades: "LESUEUR" over a crowned "A." Painted on the lid: "RL" and "EL." Printed on the label inside the lid: "A L' A COURONNE / Rue des Cannettes, no. 514 Faubourg- / Germain; / LE SUEUR, FILS, / Successeur de son pere. / Coutellier des Ecoles de Santé et des Hôpitaux, fait et vend toutes sortes d’Instru- / ments de chirugie, tanten [sic] argent qu’en acier, / couteaux; Ciseaux, Rasoirs, et tout ce qui / concerne la Coutellerie. / {Bonnes Lancettes} A PARIS."
Gallery Label: 

Chancellor Livingston probably acquired this set of dessert knives in Paris during his diplomatic residence there from 1801 to 1804. Following European custom, dessert was served as a separate course and required distinct sets of knives and forks. Matching sets of dessert knives became stylish among wealthy Americans during the late eighteenth century. Knives such as these, with steel blades and ivory handles, were typical of those manufactured in England and France during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.

Date End: 
1811
eMuseum Object ID: 
39862
Sort order: 
9
Exclude from TMS update: 
Exclude from TMS update
Due to ongoing research, information about this object is subject to change.

Table forks (4)

Classification: 
Is owned by NYHS: 
Yes
Date: 
1819
Medium: 
Silver
Dimensions: 
Overall: 8 1/8 x 1 1/8 x 1 1/8 in. ( 20.6 x 2.9 x 2.9 cm )
Place Made: 
Europe, France, Paris
Object Number: 
INV.14099a-d
Marks: 
Engraved: on the undersides of the handles: "SI JE PUIS" in banner; stamped: on the undersides of the stems: "F * D/ N" in diamond surround; Paris standard marks, rooster in chamfered rectangle, and bust in circular surround.
Gallery Label: 

These silver table forks feature the Livingston family crest on the undersides, a demi-Hercules with a club in the left hand and a snake in the right, below a banner with the engraved motto, "Si Je Puis." This family motto refers to the Livingstons' early years in North America. Robert Livingston the Elder (1654-1728) sailed from Scotland to New York in the 1670s and was granted both a title and territory in the Hudson Valley by King George I of England. These forks may have been owned by Margaret Maria Livingston (1783-1818), daughter of the Chancellor, and her husband Robert L. Livingston (1775-1843).

Date End: 
1819
eMuseum Object ID: 
39685
Sort order: 
10
Exclude from TMS update: 
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Ladle

Classification: 
Is owned by NYHS: 
Yes
Date: 
ca. 1790
Medium: 
Silver
Dimensions: 
Overall: 14 1/2 x 4 x 2 5/8 in. ( 36.8 x 10.2 x 6.7 cm )
Place Made: 
North America, U.S.A.
Credit Line: 
Gift of Goodhue Livingston
Object Number: 
1951.287
Marks: 
"SPERO MELIORA" is engraved on the handle in a banner above the crest.
Gallery Label: 

The Livingston family acquired silver in the United States and Paris. Robert R. Livingston himself owned several works made by prominent New York City silversmiths. As was the custom, the family's silver tableware, including this ladle, was marked with one of two variations of the Livingston crest. Interestly, the family used both an older Scottish motto "Si Je Puis" (If I Can) and then the subsquent "Spero Meliora" (I hope for better things). The use of heraldry distinguished the Livingston family as one of the oldest and grandest in New York.

Date End: 
1795
eMuseum Object ID: 
39174
Sort order: 
11
Exclude from TMS update: 
Exclude from TMS update
Due to ongoing research, information about this object is subject to change.

Tailcoat

Classification: 
Is owned by NYHS: 
Yes
Date: 
1800-1805
Medium: 
Wool, silk
Dimensions: 
Overall: 50 x 19 x 4 in. (127 x 48.3 x 10.2 cm)
Place Made: 
Europe, France
Credit Line: 
Gift of Goodhue Livingston
Object Number: 
1951.519
Gallery Label: 

This silk tailcoat, once owned by Chancellor Livingston along with a waistcoat, is embroidered in various colors of silk in an ornate floral and leaf design. As seen in his portrait painted by John Vanderlyn, Livingston appreciated fine silk garments and enjoyed ornamental designs on his public clothes. His taste may have been indebted to French style, which he was exposed to during his time abroad in Europe.

Date End: 
1805
eMuseum Object ID: 
38337
Sort order: 
3
Exclude from TMS update: 
Exclude from TMS update
Due to ongoing research, information about this object is subject to change.

Breeches

Classification: 
Is owned by NYHS: 
Yes
Date: 
1760-1800
Medium: 
Leather, bone, mother-of-pearl
Dimensions: 
Overall (folded): 1 x 12 1/2 x 37 3/4 in. ( 2.5 x 31.8 x 95.9 cm )
Place Made: 
France
Credit Line: 
Gift of Goodhue Livingston
Object Number: 
1951.522
Gallery Label: 

Robert R. Livingston may have worn these white breeches with the tailcoat (1951.519) and waistcoat (1951.520) during his political career. Elegant accents like bone and mother-of-pearl buttons reflected Livingston's taste and status as he transitioned from his title as Chancellor of New York to the United States minister to France.

Date End: 
1800
eMuseum Object ID: 
37271
Sort order: 
5
Exclude from TMS update: 
Exclude from TMS update
Due to ongoing research, information about this object is subject to change.

Serving dish with cover

Classification: 
Is owned by NYHS: 
Yes
Date: 
ca. 1830
Medium: 
Silver
Dimensions: 
Overall: 5 7/8 x 11 1/4 x 8 1/4 in. ( 14.9 x 28.6 x 21 cm )
Place Made: 
North America, U.S.A., Philadelphia
Credit Line: 
Gift of Goodhue Livingston
Object Number: 
1951.285ab
Marks: 
Stamped on the base: profile bust in circular surround, "T" in shield, "F" in shield, eagle in circular surround, and “P” in shield, all in Roman letters.
Gallery Label: 

This serving dish was owned by descendants of Robert R. Livingston, Mary Read (1799-1875) and Coleman Fisher (1793-1857) of Philadelphia. The Livingston family’s appreciation for French silver extended to the acquisition of objects that emulated the style of the elegant pieces seen and purchased by the Chancellor and his children while they lived in Paris between 1801 and 1804. Produced by the premier Philadelphia silversmith Thomas Fletcher, this dish and cover reflect the early nineteenth-century consumption of American silver made for clients with distinctly French tastes.

Date End: 
1835
eMuseum Object ID: 
35814
Sort order: 
12
Exclude from TMS update: 
Exclude from TMS update
Due to ongoing research, information about this object is subject to change.

View of Clermont, Seat of Mrs. Livingston, Tivoli, New York

Classification: 
Is owned by NYHS: 
Yes
Object name: 
View of Clermont, Seat of Mrs. Livingston, Tivoli, New York
Date: 
1796
Medium: 
Black ink over traces of graphite on paper, removed from a sketchbook
Dimensions: 
Overall: 9 x 11 1/2 in. ( 22.9 x 29.2 cm ); mat: 19 3/8 x 14 1/4 in. ( 49.2 x 36.2 cm )
Place Made: 
North America, U.S.A.
Credit Line: 
James S. Cushman Bequest
Object Number: 
1956.12
Marks: 
Title located at lower center: "Clermont the Seat of Mrs Livingston" and dated at lower right: "14 September 1796"
Inscriptions: 

Watermark: "J WHATMAN / 1794"; inscribed at lower center outside image in black ink: "Clermont the Seat of Mrs. Livingston"; at lower right outside image: "14. September 1796."

Gallery Label: 

Alexander Robertson drew this view of Livingston’s estate, Clermont, when he traveled the Hudson River between Albany and New York City in 1796. The original Clermont, erected about 1730 by Lord Robert Livingston and named for the ‘clear mountain’ view of the Catskills across the Hudson River, was destroyed by the British in 1777. The home was rebuilt under the supervision of Margaret Livingston (1724-1800), the Chancellor’s mother, in 1793. At Clermont, Robert R. Livingston was free to pursue his intellectual and agricultural interests.  

Date End: 
1796
eMuseum Object ID: 
35349
Sort order: 
6
Exclude from TMS update: 
Exclude from TMS update
Due to ongoing research, information about this object is subject to change.

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Creative: Tronvig Group