A view looking northwest across Vandewater's Heights toward the Hudson River from Blockhouse Number 4, one of the defenses erected in 1814 to defend the pass at Manhattanville. The remains of the blockhouse stood on a rocky bluff in Morningside Park on the south side of West 123rd Street and east of Amsterdam Avenue until removed in recent years for the erection of a school. The house at the right is probably "Courtney's," later know as the Claremont Hotel.

This depiction was drawn by either Captain James Renwick, Lieutenant James Gadsden, Lieutenant Isaac E. Craig, Lieutenant Damiel Turner, Lieutenant Lewis Gustavus De Russy, Lieutenant Kemble, or Lieutenant Oothout. It is mounted on a sheet of paper with a manuscript map entitled A Plan of the Fortifications at McGowan's [sic] Pass.

In 1814, in order to provide protection for the city of New York against a British invasion by way of the Long Island Sound, fortifications were erected at Hallett's Point on the Long Island shore, on Mill Rock in the East River, and a series of entrenchments, blockhouses and barrier gates were constructed across upper Manhattan Island. Construction of the American blockhouse on Mill Rock in the East Rive at Hell Gate commenced on July 15, 1814. It was later provided with a cannon.

In 1814, in order to provide protection for the city of New York against a British invasion by way of the Long Island Sound, fortifications were erected at Hallett's Point on the Long Island shore, on Mill Rock in the East River, and a series of entrenchments, blockhouses and barrier gates were constructed across upper Manhattan Island. The cornerstone of Fort Stevens was laid on July 14, 1814.

Interestingly, there is a strong similarity in the composition of Hotchkiss's painting of the Arch of Titus and the painting dated 1871 of The Arch of Titus by G.P.A. Healy, Frederic Church, and Jervis McEntee, no in the collection of the Newark Museum, Newark, New Jersey.

Constructed ca. 27 B.C., this bridge carred the Via Flaminia across the Nar, a tributary of the Tiber in southern Umbria. The dates 1860-1862, inscribed subsequent to the actual execution of this drawing, indicates a broad working period for this study. It was done, however, in one sitting and not over a period of years, as may be deduced from the inscription.

In 1814, in order to provide protection for the city of New York against a British invasion by way of the Long Island Sound, fortifications were erected at Hallett's Point on the Long Island shore (among other places). This fort, located on the shore of the East River on Hallett's Point, was named in honor of General Ebenezer Stevens (1751-1823), whose country home was located nearby. Mill Rock (in the East River) and the Harlem River are in the distance.

In 1814, in order to provide protection for the city of New York against a British invasion by way of the Long Island Sound, fortifications were erected at Hallett's Point on the Long Island shore, on Mill Rock in the East River, and a series of entrenchments, blockhouses and barrier gates were constructed across upper Manhattan Island. Nutter's Battery apparently derived its name from Valentine Nutter, whose house stood nearby.

In 1814, in order to provide protection for the city of New York against a British invasion by way of the Long Island Sound, fortifications were erected at Hallett's Point on the Long Island shore, on Mill Rock in the East River, and a series of entrenchments, blockhouses and barrier gates were constructed across upper Manhattan Island. Construction of the American blockhouse on Mill Rock in the East River at Hell Gate commenced on July 15, 1814. It was later provided with a cannon.