Katharine Cornell (1893-1974)
Classification:
Date:
1961
Medium:
White painted plaster with pink surface wash
Dimensions:
Overall: 17 1/4 x 9 x 8 1/2 in. ( 43.8 x 22.9 x 21.6 cm )
Description:
Portrait bust
Credit Line:
Gift of the Estate of Miss Malvina Hoffman, through Barbara M. Hoffman
Object Number:
1984.78
Marks:
signed: under proper left shoulder in pencil: "MALVINA HOFFMAN/ 1961"
label: proper right side of base, removed to file: "Orange label #5"
Date Begin:
0
Date End:
1961
eMuseum Object ID:
18705
Due to ongoing research, information about this object is subject to change.
Thomas L. Chadbourne (1862-1938)
Classification:
Date:
1939
Medium:
Off-white painted plaster
Dimensions:
Overall: 16 1/2 x 10 1/2 x 11 1/2 in. ( 41.9 x 26.7 x 29.2 cm )
Description:
Portrait bust
Credit Line:
Gift of the Estate of Miss Malvina Hoffman, through Barbara M. Hoffman
Object Number:
1984.76
Marks:
signed: proper left shoulder: "MALVINA 1939"
Date Begin:
0
Date End:
1939
eMuseum Object ID:
18651
Due to ongoing research, information about this object is subject to change.
Robert Low Bacon (1860-1919)
Classification:
Date:
1939
Medium:
Painted off-white plaster
Dimensions:
Overall: 17 1/2 x 11 1/2 x 10 1/2 in. ( 44.5 x 29.2 x 26.7 cm )
Description:
Portrait bust
Credit Line:
Gift of the Estate of Miss Malvina Hoffman, through Barbara M. Hoffman
Object Number:
1984.75
Marks:
signed: proper left shoulder: "Malvina Hoffman 1939"
label: sticky label "#2" removed to file by conservator
inscribed: on back in crayon (?): "R. L. BACON"
Date Begin:
0
Date End:
1939
eMuseum Object ID:
18646
Due to ongoing research, information about this object is subject to change.
"Why Don't You Speak For Yourself John?" (replica)
Classification:
Highlight:
Not promoted
Date:
1974
Medium:
Ceramic
Dimensions:
Overall: 11 x 9 x 7 in. (27.9 x 22.9 x 17.8 cm)
Description:
Genre figure
Credit Line:
Gift from Alva Studios, Inc.
Object Number:
INV.266
Bibliography:
"National Academy of Design," Daily Evening Transcript, Boston, Nov. 29, 1884, p. 6.
Barck, Dorothy, "Rogers Group in the Museum of the New-York Historical Society," New-York Historical Society Quarterly, Vol. XVI, No. 3, October, 1932, p. 80.
Smith, Mrs. and Mrs. Chetwood, Rogers Groups: Thought and Wrought by John Rogers, Boston: Charles E. Goodspeed & Co., 1934, pp. 92-3.
Wallace, David H., John Rogers, The People's Sculptor, Middleton, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 1967, pp. 109, 251-2, 294.
Bleier, Paul and Meta, John Rogers Statuary, Atglen, PA: Schiffer Publishing Ltd., 2001, pp. 190-1.
Date Begin:
0
Date End:
1974
eMuseum Object ID:
18612
Due to ongoing research, information about this object is subject to change.
Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862)
Classification:
Date:
1962-63
Medium:
Plaster painted to simulate green weathered bronze
Dimensions:
Overall: 9 3/4 x 8 x 5 in. ( 24.8 x 20.3 x 12.7 cm )
Description:
Portrait bust
Credit Line:
Gift of the Estate of Miss Malvina Hoffman, through Barbara M. Hoffman
Object Number:
1984.103
Marks:
inscribed: back of bust: "HENRY DAVID THOREAU/BY/MALVINA HOFFMAN 1962"
Date Begin:
0
Date End:
1962
eMuseum Object ID:
18586
Due to ongoing research, information about this object is subject to change.
The First Ride
Classification:
Date:
1888
Medium:
Painted plaster
Dimensions:
Overall: 17 1/4 x 17 1/2 x 10 1/4 in. ( 43.8 x 44.4 x 26 cm )
Description:
Genre figure.
Credit Line:
Purchase
Object Number:
1932.92
Marks:
signed: front top of base: "JOHN ROGERS/NEW YORK"
inscribed: front of base: "THE FIRST RIDE"
Gallery Label:
Rogers returned to the subject of country life periodically throughout his career, and this sculpture represents his last effort in this vein. His sales catalogue describes the scene: "The mother and child are visiting the country and the little boy is having his first experience on the back of the farmer's horse." In his characteristic manner, Rogers illuminated the story through careful detail: the farmer is in shirtsleeves and wearing boots, and his horse is in harness for field work. The fashionably dressed young mother from the city, said to be modeled after the artist's wife, Hattie, wears an elaborately decorated hat. In Rogers' original conception for the group, she was bareheaded; the hat did not appear in his patent application, on the master bronze from which the sculptures were produced, or in an early promotional drawing. It may be that the artist added the hat to make clear her citified origins. In contrast to the gentle indifference of the horse idly chewing some greenery on the ground, the boy's face is alight with excitement at the adventure.
In revisiting the subject of rural life, a tried-and-true theme for Rogers, he drew from his experience living in the village of New Canaan, Connecticut, his home for the previous decade. In this and such groups as We Boys (1929.96, 1936.661, 1936.711), Going for the Cows (1929.98, 1936.650), and Fetching the Doctor (1929.95, 1936.628), Rogers offered a nuanced vision of the country, not a strictly nostalgic view of a lost way of life but, rather, scenes of contemporary rural life that continued outside the confines of the city. He occasionally chose moments of contact between city and country that depict rural virtues, as in Checkers Up at the Farm (1936.629, 1928.29), in which a well-dressed urban visitor is bested by a strapping country lad's native cleverness. Here, the merits of country life are extolled once again as a mother brings her son to experience a simple country pleasure, perhaps even a rite of passage, that is more thrilling to him than any offered in the metropolis.
Though the group is not retrospective in subject, it does suggest a sense of nostalgia with regard to the artist's own oeuvre. For more than a decade before making this work, Rogers was engaged with large-scale theatrical subjects taken from Shakespeare that he embellished with a wealth of surface detail. In The First Ride he not only harked back to his earlier themes, but he also returned to his earlier style of relatively simple characterization and unadorned surfaces.
It appears that The First Ride was not very successful commercially, and it marks a moment of decline in Rogers' career. After more than a quarter century of national popularity, his work was losing its appeal. In 1888, the year that he produced The First Ride, he closed his lavish showroom on Union Square in New York and reduced prices on a number of his groups, a move that suggests that sales were down. The artist formally retired five years later.
Bibliography:
Articles, Scrapbooks of miscellaneous clippings, etc. about John Rogers, Vol. 1, New York Historical Society.
Barck, Dorothy, "Rogers Group in the Museum of the New-York Historical Society," New-York Historical Society Quarterly, Vol. XVI, No. 3, October, 1932, p. 74
Smith, Mrs. and Mrs. Chetwood, Rogers Groups: Thought and Wrought by John Rogers, Boston: Charles E. Goodspeed & Co., 1934, pp.96-7.
Wallace, David H., John Rogers, The People's Sculptor, Middleton, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 1967, pp. 116-7, 119, 260, 295, 300.
Bleier, Paul and Meta, John Rogers Statuary, Atglen, PA: Schiffer Publishing Ltd., 2001, pp. 204-5.
Date Begin:
0
Date End:
1888
eMuseum Object ID:
18553
Due to ongoing research, information about this object is subject to change.
Wounded Scout, A Friend In the Swamp
Collections:
Classification:
Date:
1864
Medium:
Bronze
Dimensions:
Overall: 22 1/4 x 10 1/4 x 8 1/4 in. ( 56.5 x 26 x 21 cm )
Description:
Genre figure: A bronze sculptural group featuring an escaped slave leading and protecting a wounded Union soldier who has been shot in the arm. The soldier has twisted a tourniquet around his injury and is still in his uniform. The slave is wearing ragged clothes. The bottom of the base is covered with plants from the swamp as well as a snake. Group bears Patent # 1967: June 28, 1864. Hollow second cast
Credit Line:
Purchase
Object Number:
1936.655
Marks:
inscriptions: base center front: "THE WOUNDED SCOUT, FRIEND IN THE SWAMP"
signed: center front of base: "JOHN ROGERS NEW YORK"
inscribed: "PATENTED JUNE 28, 1864"
Gallery Label:
This bronze served as the master model for the plasters that Rogers sold to a broad audience of middle-class Americans.
One of Rogers' best-known and most highly praised works, Wounded Scout: A Friend in the Swamp depicts a Civil War Union scout who has been shot in the arm while on a mission in Southern territory and is weak from loss of blood. An escaped slave has come to his assistance and is guiding him through the swamp. Rogers had developed a nationwide reputation in just a few years for his small narrative groups depicting Civil War themes, but up to this point they had for the most part been amusing scenes of soldiers among themselves, such as The Camp Fire: Making Friends with the Cook (1936.714), or comforting vignettes of civilian life, such as the scene of flirtation titled The Town Pump (1932.101). Wounded Scout shows a soldier in genuine peril and addresses sensitive questions of race at the forefront of American minds both during and after the war. The sculptor had recently increased the size of his groups, and here he presented a simplified composition of two standing figures who, though small, project a gravity and pathos that belie their size.
The soldier is dressed in uniform with a "U.S." insignia clearly visible on his belt and the strap of his cartridge box. He has torn open his sleeve and made a tourniquet to stop the bleeding from his arm, and the veins of his forearm bulge from the constriction as it hangs uselessly at his side. He appears faint as he leans on the shoulder of the black man whom Rogers described as an escaped slave. In a perhaps unprecedented move, Rogers heroized the black man. Though ragged and barefoot, he is tall and muscular. He supports the soldier protectively and looks up with an alert, commanding gaze. A copperhead snake is coiled next to his left foot, which, in Rogers' words, is "raising its head to strike the negro while he is doing this friendly act." The snake was a clear reference to Northern copperheads, politicians who opposed the Union war effort.
Rogers released Wounded Scout at a particularly portentous moment in the war; General Ulysses S. Grant had suspended prisoner exchanges just a few months before, and a group of Union soldiers escaped from Libby Prison only weeks earlier. Rogers' depiction of a soldier injured, vulnerable, and, until his rescue, alone, would have struck an emotional chord for those with heightened concerns about their loved ones being captured. The artist sent copies to President Abraham Lincoln and the abolitionist Henry Ward Beecher, and in appreciation Lincoln sent his often quoted reply: "I can not pretend to be a judge in such matters; but the Statuette group 'Wounded Scout'-'Friend in the Swamp' is . . . excellent as a piece of art."
Rogers' daring depiction of a strong, brave, and capable African American man sparked considerable discussion and revealed American concerns about freed slaves and their role in American society. The abolitionist poet Lydia Marie Child called it "a significant lesson of human brotherhood for all the coming ages." A Brooklyn writer betrayed stubbornly entrenched paternalistic stereotypes, praising how Rogers recognized "in a noble and touching manner, the service of the hitherto despised black race," which he characterized as "faithful, helpful, and uncomplaining."
The sculpture was popular for many years after war, and it remained in Rogers' sales catalogue until almost the end of his career. It continued to function not only as an imposing work of art but also an agent of political dialogue during the difficult and contentious years of Reconstruction. In 1868 the New York Evening Mail called it a "powerful argument of the rights of the negro, and has had a wider influence than the most labored speeches of [Senator Charles] Sumner, or [the abolitionist Wendell] Phillips, or [Senator Benjamin] Wade." In 1872 the art critic Benson J. Lossing felt it necessary to elevate the white man by explaining the challenges of scout duty, which was given only to the finest soldiers, and he subtly suggested that the black man could not be credited with courage or intelligence because slaves often helped Union soldiers "more through the natural kindness of his heart than from any partizan [sic] feeling." The Civil War general Joseph R. Hawley summed up its multivalent meanings and emotional force when he declared that "Nothing relating to the war in painting or sculpture" ever surpassed it.
Bibliography:
Articles, Scrapbooks of miscellaneous clippings, etc. about John Rogers, Vols. 1, 2, 3, 4, New York Historical Society.
"Fine Arts," The Evening Post, New York, Mar. 22, 1864, p. 1.
Tuckerman, Henry T., Book of the Artists, American Artist Life, Comprising Biographical and Critical Sketches of American Artists: Preceded by an Historical Account of the Rise and Progress of Art in America, New York: P. Putnam & Son, 1867, pp. 595-7.
Wells, Samuel R., ed., "John Rogers, the Sculptor," American Phrenological Journal and Life Illustrated, New York, September, 1869, pp. 329-30.
Lossing, Benson J., "The Artist as Historian," The American Historical Record, Vol. 1, no. 6, June, 1872, pp. 16, 242-4.
Corner Stone, a Journal of Current Events, Vol. X, No, 31, New York, August 4, 1877, n.p.
Barck, Dorothy, "Rogers Group in the Museum of the New-York Historical Society," New-York Historical Society Quarterly, Vol. XVI, No. 3, October, 1932, p. 80.
Smith, Mrs. and Mrs. Chetwood, Rogers Groups: Thought and Wrought by John Rogers, Boston: Charles E. Goodspeed & Co., 1934, pp.66-7.
Wallace, David H., John Rogers, The People's Sculptor, Middleton, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 1967, pp. 100-1, 105, 134, 148, 211-2, 295, 298-9, 304.
Craven, Wayne, Sculpture in America, New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 1968, pp. 357-66.
Holzer, Harold, and Farber, Joseph, "The Sculpture of John Rogers", Antiques Magazine, April 1979, pp. 756-68.
Bourdon, David, "The story-telling statuettes of John Rogers, 19th-century people's artist, are being eagerly collected again," Smithsonian, Vol. 6, No. 2, May 1975, pp. 51-7.
Boime, Albert, The Art of Exclusion: Representing Blacks in the Nineteenth Century, Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1990, pp. 104-5, 188-99, 232, 238.
Bleier, Paul and Meta, John Rogers Statuary, Atglen, PA: Schiffer Publishing Ltd., 2001, pp. 90-1.
Murphy, Laura, "Parian Ware and the Development of an American Identity," American Ceramic Circle Journal, Vol. XIV, 2007, pp. 133-49.
Date Begin:
0
Date End:
1864
eMuseum Object ID:
18550
Due to ongoing research, information about this object is subject to change.
Clarence Darrow (1857-1938)
Classification:
Date:
1929
Medium:
Dark golden brown patinated bronze with greenish overtones
Dimensions:
Overall: 23 1/2 x 11 1/2 x 10 1/2 in. ( 59.7 x 29.2 x 26.7 cm )
Description:
Portrait bust
Credit Line:
Gift of Dr. Maury P. Leibovitz
Object Number:
1984.111
Marks:
inscribed: across back of neck: "the mark of Johnson Atelier, N.J."
signed: on back of neck: "Jo DAVIDSON 1929"
Date Begin:
0
Date End:
1929
eMuseum Object ID:
18538
Due to ongoing research, information about this object is subject to change.
Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865)
Classification:
Date:
1943
Medium:
Dark red-brown patinated bronze with greenish tinge
Dimensions:
Overall: 17 1/4 x 9 1/2 x 9 3/4 in. ( 43.8 x 24.1 x 24.8 cm )
Description:
Portrait
Credit Line:
Gift of Dr. Maury P. Leibovitz
Object Number:
1984.109
Marks:
inscriptions: back of neck the mark of: "Johnson Atelier, N.J."
signed: on back of collar: "Jo DAVIDSON 1943"
Date Begin:
0
Date End:
1943
eMuseum Object ID:
18536
Due to ongoing research, information about this object is subject to change.
Mrs. John Archibold (Lucy)
Classification:
Date:
1949
Medium:
White painted plaster
Dimensions:
Overall: 14 3/4 x 9 1/4 x 9 5/8 in. ( 37.5 x 23.5 x 24.4 cm )
Description:
Portrait bust
Credit Line:
Gift of the Estate of Miss Malvina Hoffman, through Barbara M. Hoffman
Object Number:
1984.74
Marks:
signed: under proper left shoulder: "MALVINA 1949"
inscribed: under signature: "LUCIE ARCHIBOLD"
Date Begin:
0
Date End:
1949
eMuseum Object ID:
18535
Due to ongoing research, information about this object is subject to change.












